What is 5G? I am currently in the process of writing a book and will be working on some ideas in my blog. My book will be called “Viva5g” and in my book I will have several series one for for “Entrepreneurs and Executives” and another series of books written into more technical depth for engineers and experts.
Where is 5G derived from? Answer: Standard Bodies
5G is what is called the fifth generationwireless communication technology or standard. The current wireless communication standard is called 4G or the fourth generation. Therefore, there was a third and a second generation, or 2G and 3G? Who wouldn’t recall purchasing an iPhone 3S with 3G enabled?All of these wireless communications generations are nothing but ways for carriers to marry or meet and match certain “terminology” to a set of standard or standards, and consumers to identify what they are getting into. Not only consumers, but investors, media, and even their own workforce. It is a bit complicated to make precise mappings, but I will try to explain it in the following paragraphs.First, you may have seen “5GE” at the top right corner of your AT&T iPhone? If not, this picture depicts mine.Why is it 5G now and my iPhone is a X or iPhone 11?What happens is that behind the scenes, there is an organization called the “3GPP” or the “Third Generation Partnership Project,” that establishes and deals with very complex standards. The 3GPP groups is composed of other standard bodies and all boils down to a group of companies that are 3GPP “members.” This club or “members” get together in multiple committees meet with the purpose to define, literally, to define how things will work or operate into the future.Some people may say on youtube videos that 5G is the devil and may even hint that the 3GPP is part of the “new world order” and is here to control us all, the answer is no!!! That’s just fiction and conspiracy theories from youtubeers. 3GPP is just a group of companies and several other standard development organizations worldwide that have built or developed ways to improve and make things better, faster, higher-performance, and meet to agree on how to get this process done.Let’s start with 4G or the fourth generation wireless network, which we already use, or you maybe using to read in this posting.4G corresponds to a mapping made to the 3GPP organization via a set of “Technical Specifications” has labeled as Releases 8, 9, 10, and 11, and maybe 12, and 13, whereas 5G corresponds to a set of “Technical Specifications” improved and changed that are labeled Release 15 and 16.For example, 3GPP Release 14 includes many new concepts not found din Release 8, those are: Internet Of Things, Vehicle-to-Everything, Radio Improvements, etc, as shown in the following screen shot.In between those release, let’s sy Release 15 and Release 11, we find a gray area where 4G ends and 5G begins. In fact, many features from 5G are found in releases that are supposedly part of 4G, as well as new features for 5G appear in newer releases only,. That’s is why some companies like AT&T have called this process “5GE,” and presented us with a “logo” or an icon, that is shown int your iPhone’s screen.This simple icon caused Verizon to file a lawsuit to AT&?T for doing so and t is not clear what 3GPP releases AT&T refers to 5GE..Going in to more detail, the 3GPP organization defines itself in the 3gpp.org website as follows :
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) unites [Seven] telecommunications standard development organizations (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC), known as “Organizational Partners” and provides their members with a stable environment to produce the Reports and Specifications that define 3GPP technologies.
In fact, the communications standards created by the 3GPP cover multiple technologies for instance: Radio Access Networks (RAN), Services & Systems Aspects (SA), and Core Networks & Terminals (CT), as well as many other aspects.3GPP is hence, as you can imagine, a complex body and I won’t go into more details. In my opinion, one of the main things that are distinguished by 4G and 5G is are the core components, handover, use of frequencies, and physical layers, more importantly the “softwarezation” and the use of software-based technologies at a much higher frequency band, which leads to higher bit rates.In essence, in today’s 4G and 5G core networks a concept has been introduced and it is called, “Network Function Virtualization” or NFV, which brings the cloud to telecommunications systems together, making all the changes in software, and much less in hardware. Obviously, there are servers, CPUs, GPUs, and all that working to manage all signals, but that is multi-purpose and can be easily upgradable, as in the past, it was not.
Cloud Computing and Open Networks
As you may expect, NFV brings as a main feature, the virtualization of all network components done in multiple instances or containers, which is popularly called, the cloud.
It’s easy to confuse virtualization and cloud, particularly because they both revolve around creating useful environments from abstract resources.RedHat.com site
I agree with RedHat’s comments, however, virtualization is what has made all cloud computing concepts possible, and it is clear that has come to optimize and improve 4G and hence 5G systems.Therefore as the cloud makes its way to 4G and more to 5G, we will find new terms that were not part of telco’s, one of those is “Open Network.” Fir instance, “Open Mobile Evolved Core,” or an open “Core” network, which is not necessarily “open source” but what that means is that APIs are used just like in any cloud-based environment, and things or components can be easily interconnected.Therefore, under this model, all 4G and 5G network components and hence the entire 5G network runs in the cloud with servers executing multiple instances of machines or containers.For example, there are any standardized 4G components that include Mobility Management Entity (MME), Service Gateway Control (SGW-C), Packet Gateway Control (PGW-C), Policy Charging Rules Function (PCRF), among some others, those now run as server instances.For instance, the MME or Mobility Management Entity, is a server or cloud of servers entities that handles mobility and tracks the mobile terminal in the network, assisting the UE or User Equipment, or your mobile phone with handover and selecting the right cell to move to, as it travels around a different geographical area.In this picture taken from the “Open Mobile Evolved Core,” we cab read that all of these components may all reside in one server, and the network created is virtual, or a software-defined network.
What is then Network Function Virtualization?
In essence, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is nothing but a way to put all these network elements or components in servers or virtual machines. These virtual machines run in standard VMWare servers or Docker Instances, and now you can introduce standard cloud computing concepts and tools like Open Stack, or Kubernettes, for what is called “Orchestration” or the process of creating and making instances.
Orchestration is the automated configuration, coordination, and management of computer systems and software. A number of tools exist for automation of server configuration and management, including Ansible, Puppet, Salt, Terraform, and AWS CloudFormation. Wikipedia
These virtual machines are the main fabric of the “cloud,” the “cloud” is a set of machines or virtual machines that reside, ultimately still in datacenter and servers, somewhere, but are sufficiently operational from a “File” or an “Image” that can be copied into multiple data centers and operate without issues. These images or files are stored as “containers” or “virtual machines” that are executed in a real or hardware machine, that performs certain task.
Edge Computing
Another concept that has existed among “computer science” professionals for many decades, is: moving computation to the “edge” of the network. It seems quite obvious, but it is not.Edge computing is a natural evolution to optimize processes.Historically, in the past, mainframe computers controlled everything with a dumb terminal that displayed what the mainframe processed. Later on, the PC or a Personal Computer evolved and all control was passed down to the PC and some servers, the use of mainframes becomes less important. As progress created the internet, all moved to web and cloud. Now, the control has been passed on to the cloud or a distributed computing system governs what we do and how we do it. Hence, the closer computation is being moved, in proximity your resources are to you, the better, lower latency, falser responses, but also causes problems for the overall system to maintain authentication, caching, and other dependencies.For example, we use “Edge” computing every day, in “content delivery networks” (CDN) that are used by NETFLIX or HULU to stream movies to thousand or millions of homes. The CDN’s r main goal is to move content, music or video files, closer to your local internet link by making multiple copies available closer to the consumer or to the “edge” of a network.This concept is practical when all components use the same protocol, in this case IP or the Internet Protocol. The cloud, and an “ALL-IP” network architecture is found in 4G already, and subsequently is found in 5G.Therefore edge computing is now a more formalized concept, feasible and practical.The major evolution from 3G to 4G is that “all” components in 4G including the core infrastructure in 4G (and obviously in 5G) runs over internet protocols or IP. This evolution is a a major distinction between UMTS, CDMA, and older systems with 4th generation wireless networks.In 5G, IP is also the main fabric for communications, and all signaling data, voice, videos, are no longer using proprietary signaling but “IP.” In the past, UMTS or GPRS, IP was an afterthought and was emulated on top of those proprietary protocols which made the networks slow and expensive to maintain. Obviously, challenges surfaced as 3G moved to 4G including changes in handover protocols, billing, and access to the network.
These proprietary protocols in 2G and 3G were designed to operate “Circuit Switched Networks” and 4G is an all “IP” network designed to operate in a 100% Packet-based Network.
Edge ComputingEdge Computing works well with all IP networks and now the way to go. As computation is moves to the “Edge” and as the “Edge” of the network is now a server or a cloud-based component of a a bigger cloud, many new ideas are being formulated and network and computation blend in as what is called today a “Software Defined Network.” In other words, the network is defined virtually by software and multiple networks can be created using the same physical interconnections.
Making the cloud cool again
Edge Computing is :
Edge computing is a distributed computing paradigm which brings computation and data storage closer to the location where it is needed, to improve response times and save bandwidth.
Edge Computing is now a major area of innovation, for example “Cloud to Cable,” my own patented technology is an “Edge Computing” entity that facilitates caching, which is data storage, and computation which is covered by my own patents, closed to the cable operator. However, the same is true for a 4G and 5G system. I am personally working on how to achieve that at EGLA Research Labs. As a consequence of the use of the cloud, organizations like the “Open Network Foundation” or ONF and others, are looking for ways to standardize how this is done.
The Open Networking Foundation (ONF) is a nonprofit trade organization, funded by companies such as Deutsche Telekom, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Verizon, and Yahoo! aimed at promoting networking through software-defined networking (SDN) and standardizing the OpenFlow protocol and related technologies.[2] The standards-setting and SDN-promotion group was formed out of recognition that cloud computing will blur the distinctions between computers and networks.[3] The initiative was meant to speed innovation through simple software changes in telecommunications networks, wireless networks, data centers and other networking areas.[4]
Obviously, since now the cloud is powering 4G and 5G, the same standardization and SDN with protocols like “OpenFlow” are now plausible to be used in the network infrastructure of 5G systems. In fact, the fabric of a Software Defined Network, has always been of my own use at EGLA since 2014, when we moved into an “Equinix” data center with the first version of the Mediamplify platform.
Network Slicing and Beamforming
Another concept that has been introduced mostly with 5G is beam forming and network slicing.Network slicing is used to assign an IP Address or a network for your own company or a user, this enhances quality of service to what a user has paid or a company is paid. A separation of virtual networks within the core network is being done for purposes of individualized routing and treatment of user’s traffic.
Network slicing is the separation of multiple virtual networks that operate on the same physical hardware for different applications, services or purposes.
Similarly, as part of the network is “Sliced,” the RF or Radio Frequency or wireless signals are now set to multiple beams.In a way, 5G operates at a high-bit rate, up to Gigabits per second, but at much higher frequency bands, sub-6 GHz or over 6 GHz. At these frequency bands, propagation of signals and physics brings the size covered by a base station to a smaller footprint. In other words, the power levels and noise are not appropriate to establish a link at 1km but are great at 100m, for example, and as opposed to 4G, a sector instead of covering a wide area, covers a few meters of wide. According to Metaswitch site:
“Due to the high propagation loss of the millimeter wavelengths (mmWaves) employed in 5G new radio (5G NR) systems, plus the high bandwidth demands of users, beamforming techniques and massive Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) are critical for increasing spectral efficiencies and providing cost-effective, reliable coverage.”
Hence, signals are sent from multiple antennas (MIMO) and received by multiple antennas at the phone. This is already being achieved in 4G, at a smaller level, with a a technology called “Carrier Aggregation.”
5G Demonstration at MWC 2019
As expected, now that all operations and network is based on software and running on server and virtual machines, just like google cloud, Amazon’s cloud, Azure, Digital Ocean, and EGLA CORP’s cloud-based servers, what can stop “Artificial Intelligence” from being used? The answer is nothing, Artificial Intelligence or AI has been incorporated to work with the network.AI, Machine Learning, and other methods are used for network optimization and use radio resources better, to optimize power management and decrease electricity bills, frequency reuse at the radio-level, handover optimization, and network management with predictive failure detection.The machine learning mechanisms in existence today, can learn from large amount of data logs collected by the telcos’ and are perfectly suitable for cellular networks. The cellular network adapt and generate more data for thousands or hundreds of thousands of base stations that are deployed with millions of users in phones, IOT (Internet of Things) devices, and connected vehicles. The possibilities are endless.Here some AI examples in telcos of what I posted in my show, TECHED.TV.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFO5Z3fRCZI
Low Latency and High Bandwidth
Low Latency is now another factor of great importance for 5G. Low-latency makes robotics and self-driving cars possible. Before, latency was 800ms or a few seconds, let’s in GPRS and CDMA 2000, even UMTS provided latencies of 200-300ms.
Network speeds in 5G will be in the Gigabits per Second
High Bandwidth as expected would be in the order of Gbps or Gigabit per Second.5G SpeedsLTE decreased latency to a few tens of milliseconds, but remember that you have to connect to the internet and account for all signaling, which provided an overall latency of 40-60ms, still unsuitable for remote robotics.Robotics enabled using 5GSince the access or network is sliced, a portion of that network could be allocated to be higher priority and hence decrease latency of the overall access to a few milliseconds, which is now perfectly suitable for robotics and automation, or even self-driving cars, AR, and 5G Gaming.
Music Choice vs Stingray Settlement arrives right before trial. This case has been analyzed as a case by our experts from two angles:
♠ Technology
♠ Damages
On February 4th, 2020, Music Choice announced that has settled the case for $13.3M right before an important hearing and a potential trial date set for March 3rd, 2020. Obviously, there is no more hearing and no more trial. ...
An X2 Handover is used by LTE as well as S1 handovers for User Equipment (“UE”) or mobile phone mobility.
First and foremost, LTE and 5G both share an ALL-IP Architecture. In the past, in UMTS systems or even older systems, mobility consisted in several layers of IuB interfaces from the RNC to the NodeBs. It is not then an ALL-IP network as expected.
We will not go over Tracking Area Updates and Tracking Area Indentifiers as that’s will be discussed in a later post.
In UMTS, the Radio Network Controller (RNC) manages hundreds of NodeBs, all interconnected using the IuB interface and RNC to RNC uses the IuR Interface. The SGSN or Serving GPRS Support Node is in charge of setting up the internet link or GTP-U tunnel from the SGSN tot he RNC. However the IP link will not move although an you can switch from NodeBs, meaning that any soft-handover or hand-handovers that occur between NodeBs does not affect the GTP-U link form the internet to the UE.
In LTE, on the other hand there are many changes, one is that eNodeB is the end-point of the IP link, making it an ALL-IP network. This change requires some redesign to the protocols and specially the insertion of “hard handovers” plus X2 and S1AP Handover protocols that are now based on IP Mobility. As shown in the figure below, X2 interfaces communicate eNodeBs, and S1 links from eNodeBs to S-GWs and S1-MME to the MME. The MME is the Mobility Management Entity which tracks the UE and does paging, as well as updates.
As you can observe, the X2 Interface is key for handoff as this interface is used not only to detect adjacent eNodeBs but also to exchange information as interference and others.
The X2 handover will be illustrated as follows:
The UE has to be in RRC_CONNECTED stated not in RRC_IDLE where a process called “Cell Reselection” i used. Lets Start with 1-6 Steps:
Step 1: Handover Command
As opposed to others, we will start with the Handover Command, which is the an RRC Connection Reconfiguration Message that contains a field called “MobilityConttrolInfo” this field contains the Physical Cell ID to handover to, as well as a list of neighbor cells with their associated “Cell Individual Offsets” that are used for A3, A5 and other events.
Handover Command
The Handover Command forces the switch from a previous cell to the next cell. Handover can only occur
In this example a Handover Command was issued to connect to eNodeB with ID=1.
An RRC Connection Reconfiguration message may follow with a list of Cell IDs, in this example, 2, 3, and maybe 4, to add to the list to monitor for a measurement report to be created.
Mobility Control Info Structure
This structure can be found in the specification as follows:
Step 2 : Measurement Reports and Events
As we know, LTE specification defines several reports. In this example we will focus on A5 and A3 events, that are programmed using the Cell Individual Offsets and Frequency offsets found in the specification. Since the device is in “Connected State” Layer 3 filtering is applied to the measurements made by the UE.
The filtering algorithm may use different coefficients that the eNodeB sets as default.
Events and measurements
The state machine inside the UE, is configured by the rrcConnectionReconfiguration message to track all the eNodeBs provided and its frequencies, including applying SIB4 blocks that are submitted by the eNodeB to the target.
In a way the eNodeB is predicting the next state to follow reporting A5 and A3 Events to the eNodeB.
STEP 3: HANDOVER REQUEST
Now it is known by the eNodeB that Handover might be required and decides based on all the events or measurement reports, where to Handoff the UE too, and creates a HANDOVER REQUEST to a a Target eNodeB or the one with ID=2.
STEP 4: Allocation of resources in Target eNodeB
Now that Handover Request is moving forward, a setup for tunnels is created to the Target such that all internet traffic will start flowing tot he Target eNodeB with Cell ID =2
Once this is successful a Handover Acknolwedgement is made to the source and packets start going to the Target, similarly, Downlink and Uplink tunnels start being moved to the target eNodeB with Cell ID = 2
STEP 5. Handover Command to Switch to Target
Exactly as in STEP 1, a Handover Command (in an rrcConnection Reconfiguration message) containing the Target ID = 2 is issued from the Source, also at some point another rrcConnection Reconfiguration message will contain all neighbor nodes with its respective Cell Individual Offests and this process will continue.
STEP 6. All is switch to the Target and MME is updated of the move.
As a final step of handover, the path switch is complete which is a process called “Late Path Switch” that generates all traffic to move from the Source to the Target eNodeB in its totality.
You can hire us for consulting for your 4G or 5G Project.
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Dr. Edwin A. Hernandez will be attending a judge for the Global Mobile Awards at the Mobile World Congress 2020 in Barcelona, Spain. Stay tuned for coverage from TECHED.tv
Besides US Patent 10,123,074 a new patent is allowed within the same family. A second set of claims were allowed on September 3rd, 2019 and that means that several claims that cover MPEG TV and Music broadcasting, MPEG 2-way communications, HTTP Live Streaming broadcasting, and fault-tolerance for carriers.
The patent covers a system to deliver multiple video and audio broadcasts that combine web pages with multimedia to be delivered to cable operators.
The following summary of inventions and claims for the following inventions:
✪ MPEG Broadcasting – DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting)
✪ MPEG 2-way broadcasting (On Demand)
✪ HTTP Live Streaming (Applications, OTT TV, Over-the-Top)(
✪ Fault-Tolerance and broadcasting
The claims allowed are essential for modern broadcasting systems for video, music, and web-pages
The Cloud to Cable TV patents are a bridge between cloud systems and TV & Audio broadcasting platforms where the convergence of HTML and Virtualization make possible, what is called today Edge Computing.
In 4G & 5G systems, Edge Computing is classified as:
Edge computing provides compute and storage resources with adequate connectivity (networking) close to the devices generating traffic. The benefit is the ability to provide new services with high requirements on e.g. latency or on local break-out possibilities to save bandwidth in the network – data should not have to travel far in the network to reach the server. Regulatory compliance and network scalability are also important edge computing drivers. Source (Ericsson)
In a way, Cloud to Cable brings compute and storage resources for TV broadcasting systems, either DVB, Content Delivery Networks, or other similar systems.
You can review a summary of what’s been published by the USPTO.
4G and 5G networks are being influenced by "AI" or Artificial Intelligence for optimization, fault detection, and other methods in the infrastructure. ...
This weekend I went and spent some time hacking some code at the “NBC Universal Hackathon” and trying it out new ideas, meeting new friends, and learning a ton on many technological aspects and innovating. The particular problem that we decided to to solve was the irrelevance aspects of current TV and how more interactive could it be with current technologies. The way to solve it thru a collaborative experience where users can interact with their phones and cameras with the video shown on screen.The team was composed by: Satya, Paul Valdez, Juan Gus, Myself, and Chris.What we did what simple, we could create a website that could have a canvas that could be treated with effects, add the TV/Video feeds into it and that distribute the content using a platform like “Cloud to Cable TV” to cable operators or OTT/IPTV systems.Cloud to Cable TVThe solution required a few items to be setup and configured:
RTMP Server or WebRTC Setup to receive video feeds from Smartphones or your laptop,
FFMPEG to encode, compress, and publish video/audio feeds
A web application in Python to map each feed and position it on top of the TV Channel video source (assuming an M3U8 feed or a movie in MP4)
With this in place, it is a matter compiling CRTMP, FFMPEG, and we tried other components as Deep Learning such as the “Deep Fakes” project. The idea that we had was to replace one of the actors image, as well as superimposed our live feeds into the video.Issues:
The safari browser doesn’t allow you to play content with autoplay features, meaning that the user MUST initiate a playback. If SAFARI sees or detects that onLoad the content autoplays this fails.
There are issues with SAFARI and dynamically loading the content and video.oncanplaythrough() is required to be added to the javascript.
The live feeds had a delay of about 30-40seconds, as it had to:
Convert and push from mobile phone to RTMP Server,
Grab RTMP Stream and send it as an m3u8 encoded file to the website.
The standard CRTMP Screen would look like and connections from Gus and Pablo successfully took place:
The Mobile App published an RTMP Stream to the server under /live/pablo and /live/gus. The demo video on what it will look like:https://vimeo.com/299048743Screen capture in Vimeo using SafariFor screen capturing in a Mac with FFMPEG with 3 screens, list your devices and capturing to avoid any MOOV issues and useless MOV/MP4 files.
The presentation we made to the judges at the “NBC Universal Hackathon” can be found here:https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1sKAvnC-Y-KHu2qclulH2Fp-8yWvTslq6bLaocyEgtfQ/edit?usp=sharingThe source code consists on an HTML site using DOM objects, video source, and a canvas. As shown, the video is hidden it is native format in ways that you can use canvas drawing to copy the video from the “src” in m3u8, MOV, MP4 or whatever format your browser can handle to the canvas. The canvas is then the placeholder for all the overlays and divs. The idea with the canvas is that messages can then by typed and exchange between users, as a WhatsApp application or any other chat application that uses the canvas.
var canvas = document.getElementById("c");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
window.onload = function() {
// document.getElementById("fb-profile").style.display = "none";
var canvas = document.getElementById("c");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
// grab the video element
// var video = document.getElementById("v");
// drawVideo(context, video, canvas.width, canvas.height);
// calls drawVideo() function, passing all the objects
}
var splayer = {};
function showIt(id, url, hideOrNot) {
console.log(id+" "+url+ " setting it to " +hideOrNot);
splayer["v_"+id] = document.getElementById("v_"+id);
document.getElementById(id).style.display = hideOrNot;
if (document.getElementById(id).style.display == "none" ) {
document.getElementById(id).style.display = "block";
var vId = "vsrc_"+id;
console.log("playing "+vId + " "+url);
document.getElementById(vId).src = url;
if (splayer["v_"+id].paused) {
console.log("Video paused.... ");
splayer["v_"+id].load();
splayer["v_"+id].oncanplaythrough = function() {
splayer["v_"+id].play();
};
} else {
console.log("Video is playing already...");
}
} else {
console.log(" Stopping .... v_"+id);
splayer["v_"+id].pause();
document.getElementById(id).style.display="none";
}
}
var player = document.getElementById("v");
function ChangeHarry(){
console.log("Playing Harry Potter.... ");
document.getElementById("vsrc_main").src = "http://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/teleportme/videos/HarryPotterClip.mp4";
player.load();
player.play();
drawVideo(context, player, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}
function ChangeQueen(){
console.log("Playing Queen of the South ... ");
player.pause();
document.getElementById("vsrc_main").src="http://96.71.39.58/queen0.mp4";
player.load();
player.play();
// drawVideo(context, player, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}
setTimeout(function() {
showIt ("first", "https://mediamplify.com/teleport/iwantharry.mp4", "none");
setTimeout(ChangeHarry, 6000);
} , 2000 );
setTimeout(function() {
showIt ("first", "https://mediamplify.com/teleport/iwantharry.mp4", "block");
}, 8000 );
setTimeout(showIt, 5000, "second", "http://96.71.39.58/live/pablo.m3u8", "none");
setTimeout(showIt, 6000, "third", "http://96.71.39.58/live/gus.m3u8", "none");
console.log("Starting changing stuff");
setTimeout(function() {
console.log("Preeping to switch to Queen of the South" );
showIt ("first", "https://mediamplify.com/teleport/iwantqueen.mp4", "none");
}, 13000);
setTimeout(showIt, 15000, "third", "http://96.71.39.58/live/pablo.m3u8", "none");
setTimeout(showIt, 15010, "second", "http://96.71.39.58/live/gus.m3u8" , "none");
// setTimeout(showIt, 20000, "third", "http://96.71.39.58/live/gus.m3u8", "none");
setTimeout(function() {
console.log("Queen of the South");
ChangeQueen();
showIt("first", "", "block");
}, 19000);
function fbProfile() {
var x = document.getElementById("fb-profile");
if (x.style.display === "none") {
x.style.display = "block";
} else {
x.style.display = "none";
}
}
function drawVideo(context, video, width, height) {
context.drawImage(video, 0, 0, width, height); // draws current video frame to canvas
var delay = 100; // milliseconds delay for slowing framerate
setTimeout(drawVideo, delay, context, video, width, height); // recursively calls drawVideo() again after delay
}
For a functional demo, 1st allow the site to play video in autoplay:Update your settings in SAFARI
We didn’t win the “NBC Universal Hackathon” but had a ton of fun doing it!. We failed in the presentation, it was only 3 minutes and our presenter disappeared in the last minute, and Gus improvised and didn’t use all the time provided by the judges. We knew we were done when no questions were asked. …. Anyways!!! You cannot always win.
Music Choice vs Stingray Digital – Case 2:16-cv-586-JRG-RSP
vs.
Music Choice vs Stingray is a case taking place in the E.D. of Texas. We will discuss in the article, the judge’s order (Judge Roy Payne) and memorandum regarding all the claims terms and its construction. As expected, the judge went for:
“[C]laims ‘must be read in view of the specification, of which they are a part.’” Id. (quoting Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 52 F.3d 967, 979 (Fed. Cir. 1995) (en banc)). “[T]he specification ‘is always highly relevant to the claim construction analysis.
As in many cases, this was also the case as well, here the order/memorandum available online:
As shown, in all cases where Music Choice made a simple term definition, Judge Payne went for the simplest and more appropriate meaning to the words. Music Choice won pretty much all terms in their favor and in all “indefinite” arguments did not move an inch in favor of Stingray. Hence the judge also sided with Music Choice’s arguments and claim construction. For instance:
What was the goal on trying to interpret a Cable TV system as it if was not a digital system? I don’t really understand why Greenberg did not agree to this simple term? And the judge sided with Music Choice: “Accordingly, the Court rejects Defendants’ proposed “not a digital network” and “signal” limitations and determines the transmission-system terms have their plain and ordinary meaning without the need for further construction.” The claim recites a first transmission and a second transmission system,
The same thing with “multicast,” this is a well-known term in all Cable TV systems, where multicasting is used to transmit all Linear TV signals. “Accordingly, the Court rejects Defendants’ proposed “not a digital network” and “signal” limitations and determines the transmission-system terms have their plain and ordinary meaning without the need for further construction.”
A very similar analysis is found with the term “trigger message” where the judge sided with the same simple meaning as follows:” Accordingly, the Court construes “trigger message” as follows: “trigger message” means “message configured to initiate an action”
And you can find a very similar argument for most of the terms in dispute.
All the evidence is sealed and there is no way to see exactly how these terms match the device in dispute, however, Music Choice’s attorneys should be prepared and if those terms were favorable to them, now one can asume that their evidence to match these terms is solid.
We will keep track on this case and how this develops, on a different note, Music Choice also got hit by Stingray with several IPRs:
Music Choice then has to defend the following IPR cases filed by Stingray Digital regarding this particular case:
Trial Number – IPR2017-01450 Filing Date – 5/18/2017 Patent # – 9,414,121 Title – SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING AN ON-DEMAND ENTERTAINMENT SERVICE Patent Owner – MUSIC CHOICE Petitioner – Stingray Digital Group Inc. Tech Center – 2400
Trial Number – IPR2017-01192 Filing Date – 3/31/2017 Patent # – 8,769,602 Title – SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING AN INTERACTIVE, VISUAL COMPLEMENT TO AN AUDIO PROGRAM Patent Owner – MUSIC CHOICE Petitioner – Stingray Digital Group Inc. Tech Center – 2400
Trial Number – IPR2017-01191 Filing Date – 3/30/2017 Patent # – 9,351,045 Title – SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING A BROADCAST ENTERTAINMENT SERVICE AND AN ON-DEMAND ENTERTAINMENT SERVICE Patent Owner – MUSIC CHOICE Petitioner – Stingray Digital Group Inc. Tech Center – 2400
And maybe others http://www.gbpatent.com/content/uploads/IPR.pdf
Disclosure: EGLA, which I own, provided a platform for DMX for digital music distribution. Stingray acquired DMX Music but not our technology and kept its own music delivery system, the infringing system now. However, EGLA owns a patented technology that is called “CLOUD to CABLE TV“ that enables delivery of linear music channels to Cable TV subscribers in a more clever, fault-tolerant, and efficient way than these patents disputed here. Source: http://edwinhernandez.com/2016/08/01/platform-nternet-tv-music/
EGLA CORP has a patented technology, superior to all the patented technologies out there, that brings the Cloud -based systems and generated images for music and TV channels that can be overlapped. The Cloud to Cable TV system provides:
A system to convert HTML5 to Video, MPEG-4 or MPEG2Video, or H.265
A fault-tolerant system for MVPD and MSO’s – Cable TV Systems
Streaming for M3U8, HTTP Streaming, and compatible with other technologies
Virtualized TV in a box system with Cloud
The device is called MediaPlug and also contains other Management APIs, as well as a good implementation tested with:
Cisco
Ericsson
Huawei
and Many other multi-plexers
Advantages over all other systems
There is no dependency into any Set Top Box or DOCSIS 2.0, DOCSIS 3.0, or other MPEG frames or dependencies in changes to STB.
All the systems, are fault-tolerant and enable great reliability and remote management system for all distribution devices
Uses standard DSL/Cable Modem technologies with the system to deliver 50, 100, 200 music channels, and 10-20 HD/SD/4K TV Channels.
Many more advantages that are benefit DRM security, provisioning, and tracking for media playback.
[spiderpowa-pdf src=”http://edwinhernandez.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/WO2016106360.pdf”]WO2016106360, however the right set of sighted is attached and is corrected in the US/Europe and other applications.
Cloud to Cable TV White paper [spiderpowa-pdf src=”http://edwinhernandez.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/cloudtocable_whitepaperl.pdf”]cloudtocable_whitepaperl
A Cloud to Cable TV™ Platform for Music, TV, and Video
Dr. Edwin A. Hernandez Chief Technology Officer – EGLA COMMUNICATIONS
Mediamplify® is the one stop shop multi-platform media distribution for web, mobile, and Cable TV systems. Mediamplify® enables a cloud-based infrastructure to be connected with Cable TV head ends or Multi-System Operators (MSOs), just as Comcast, AT&T, CLARO, TIGO Home, among thousands of Cable/Satellite systems around the world with over 1 Billion viewers.
As such, EGLA’s has coined the term “Cloud to Cable™” which means that content available in that cloud platform can also be broadcasted to Cable TV as well seamlessly and with minimum Cable TV content can also be available in the cloud and to any connected device, all in one unified platform, Mediamplify®.
Mediamplify® is the platform that merges the cloud and Cable TV facilitating the offering of TV and Video Cable TV content in mobile devices and any other connected platforms as well as delivering Music, Video, and TV content commonly available in connected devices and mobile to Cable TV systems.
What is Cloud to Cable™?
Cloud to Cable™ is a patent-pending technology that brings HTML5 generated content to a cable operator head end in the format and reliability required in a traditional MSO. Hence, any HTML5 website or service with video, TV, social media, can be broadcasted to a Cable Operator without major technological challenges.
The content is created in a HTML or HTML5 compatible webpage that can include Javascript or any other web-enabled technology.
The Cloud to Cable™ Music Platform uses the power of the cloud to scale and create server instances that handle music/audio playlist management, music encoding, playlist, Digital Rights Management (DRM), while delivering audio with the highest quality assurance. Additionally, metadata and Application Programing Interfaces (APIs) assist with the development of mobile applications to stream music from multiple music genres that are mastered by a DJ, a machine learning algorithm, or created by end users.
Broadcasting to Cable TV™
Our Cloud to Cable TV™ technology includes a cloud storage platform and all the required software and intelligence to broadcast content from the cloud to any cable TV operator. Once content, playlists, and music are available in our cloud the music is delivered to the Cable TV headed to our edge servers co-located in the cable operator premises.
Streaming to Web, Mobile, and Connected Devices (Internet TV)
The music available in Medianplify® can be streamed to mobile devices, web, tablets, Smart TVs and any connected devices such as the Chromecast® and Apple TV®. Internet TV is a reality with Mediamplify.
The same music selection is also available in any of our mobile applications: MEVIA (iOS and Android) that includes TV/Video, and Safety, or Mediamplify Music™. On the web, music playlists are used to create a web interface with HTML5 content that can also be injected into a Cable TV broadcast.
Mediamplify® can also be integrated to third party applications using a JSON / REST API interface. As examples of third party developers, we can mention SKY TUNES and DMX2GO.
Mobile Applications for Music
The music application reference implementation of iPhone is customizable providing a great User Interface (UI), Bluetooth Audio, Metadata Integration, as well as social support. Our mobile software is flexible and portable.
MEVIA : Internet TV with a Mobile Application for TV, Video, and Safety
MEVIA brings together video, music, and safety all in one mobile experience. MEVIA connects to our MEDIAMPLIFY® Platform and provides a rich multimedia experience designed for: Education and Learning, Corporate Branding and Image, Cable TV broadcasting, and more.
Our patented technologies are unique having our target markets in Latin America and the United States.
MEVIA Music
MEVIA Music brings over 1000+ music channels without commercials or with commercials with casting capability for Chromecast® and AirPlay® devices. The Music is available thru a rich menu experience for Android and iPhone. Ads can be programmed and injected, we also have a solution for buildings, corporations, and organizations with WiFi or their own Cable TV network. The same music can also be licensed to Cable TV in packages of 50, 100, 200, or more music channels in DVB format, this is all connected with our MEDIAMPLIFY Platform, bring effective Cloud to Cable TV™ experience.
Music Content Available for Cable TV, Mobile, Web
We classified our music content in over 200 different music channels and more than 2400 playlists available without commercial or with advertisement insertion when requested by the customer. Some of the sample music genres:
MEVIA video provides over 1000+ TV Channels of Internet TV, Movies, Educational Content, and more. Ads can also be injected as part of this offering, additionally Custom TV network (Internet TV or Cable TV or both) can be created and casted in buildings, boats, and any other organization. APIs are also available for Video Streaming and 3rd party apps thru our MEDIAMPLIFY® Platform.
Video Content available for Cable TV, Mobile, and Web
We have access to over 1000+ TV channels in SD/HD from different countries and genres around the world that include: Al-Jazeera America, Russian Times, AFP, EdgeSports, MED TV, TV5 France, EuroNews, PressTV, Voice of America, BBC. There are also thousands of videos from several providers that can be packaged and resold, including BBC Documentaries, Independent movies, and FILMON Movies, this source provides content to iTunes and others.
We are incorporating for LATAM and US markets, the security function that enables sending emergency messages to a loved one. This functionality is very helpful for LATAM markets where robberies and theft of mobile devices is prevalent. Hence your multimedia experience will be covered by the MEVIA Safety feature.
MEVIA Safety is triggered with the power button on device or using the Bluetooth Low Energy device.
Additionally, corporate customers of MEVIA Music or MEVIA Video will be able to enjoy of this particular functionality.
Benefits of MEVIA and MEDIAMPLIFY
The integration of MEVIA with MEDIAMPLIFY and all Cloud to Cable capabilities makes MEVIA a unique value proposition for consumers.
Hence, MEVIA is a better offering over Spotify, Pandora, Hulu, and Netflix; assuming you were able to license their platforms, a comparative analysis of MEVIA is shown in this chart:
Integrated MEVIA and Cloud to Cable TV™
As mentioned early, MEVIA also offers all MEDIAMPLIFY® capabilities including Cloud to Cable, delivering all the content available in Music/Video to any Cable Operator. Hence all MEVIA music, TV, and video content can be broadcasted to a Cable TV MSO all over the world.
Benefits to Broadcasters and Media Companies
Our platform enables broadcasters to sell direct to MSOs bypassing all distribution channels and creating a-la-carte alternative packages for Cable TV subscribers while at the same time offering mobile and casting options as Chromecast® and Apple TV®.
In summary:
Tap into a market of millions of consumers worldwide on Cable TV systems
Tap into consumers with mobile, web and connected devices
Decrease costs for end-customers and increase revenues
Bundle content from our existing repertoire with yours, creating a better offering to consumers.
Provide additional features to your offering, music, videos, and casting.
Benefits to Cable Operators and Telcos
Cable operators in the US can partner with COMCAST and TV Everywhere ® services to allow mobile broadcast to mobile. MEDIAMPLIFY® is a similar offering with a greater selection of services for operators. The MEVIA App uses Encryption Media Extension services (EME) and also supports other Digital Rights Management (DRM) that facilitate the access to live and pre-recorded contents. In the rest of the world, cable operators may partner with MEVIA to handle the delivery of TV and Music content to all their subscribers. MEVIA sill protect all DRM content and facilitate viewership in any device.
Telco’s and Operators that are still in transition to digital can integrate MEVIA as a mobile “play” and bring all the content in cable plus all the additional content from our wide range of TV offerings.
Benefits to Universities and Training
Universities usually own a TV channel or series of TV channels and are offering e-Learning content to their students and communities. MEVIA and MEDIAMPLIFY are hence great tools to enhance e-Learning. MEDIAMPLIFY truly amplify your reach to all potential e-learners.
Bing music, video, news, some sports, and choose what your students and faculty may have access to. Universities and training academies may bundle content to their audiences with TV, Music, and other relevant content in addition to training and educational videos, as such these bundles can offer great avenues for revenues to Universities, Technical Institutes, and any other educational system.
Benefits to Small Businesses and Brands
Small businesses and brands can truly amplify their reach with consumers. Brand association is then done with MEVIA, MEVIA brings video, TV, music, and safety to consumers in small business. MEVIA Amplify your reach with multiMEVIA experiences.
We have done tremendous progress on MEVIA, the message, the branding and overall improved to a responsive site our corporate image. Focusing on the CLOUD TO CABLE TV message and our mobile app, MEVIA.
New Web Presence
We decided to build a new site to cover all technology offerings and services offered by EGLA COMMUNICATIONS. The new website uses a parallax, HTML5 responsive interface with great integration to social networks, our own cloud and although released about a week a go, still is ongoing new updates, and more improvements to come.
EGLA COMMUNICATIONS
The new responsive design incorporates HTML5 Video and also provides support for Open Graph integration to Facebook and Slideshare. You can still access the old site at blog.eglacomm.net
We enforced and support the following areas for EGLA that include our products in:
CLOUD to CABLE Platform (Mediamplify)
MEVIA Application, and
Wireless Products
Cloud to Cable
EGLA offers its Cloud to Cable product. Cloud to Cable is a technology that connects cloud-based platforms and all its content in HTML/Video/Music and distributes them to Cable TV systems in a seamless and effortless manner. You can then distribute the same content to mobile, desktops, and other connected devices
Cloud to Cable has enabled EGLA to distribute our music content to MSOs and cable operators around the world (http://eglacomm.net/platform)
Our team prepared some illustrative videos on what CLOUD TO CABLE is, and how it enables both mobile and Cable TV experiences all in one platform at an affordable rate.
The first video is in english:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80G-rh6Dlns
And a translation in spanish:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0HETfMU_rg
Music for CABLE
Our CLOUD TO CABLE platform (MEDIAMPLIFY) provides us with a great place for a Music service that is offered from our platform to any Cable TV system or IPTV network. These music product is also available thru our MEVIA APP, in both Android and IOS.
Our music content is diverse and unique, we prepared a video introducing our content.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW_sjBjECjM
Our platform is available for licensing enabling any Music streaming service to connect with millions of Cable TV subscribers.
Just like Music, our TV/Video offering is available both for web/mobile and Cable TV. We count with 1000+ TV Channels and networks from all over the world. We offer this content to our customers in CABLE TV or thru our mobile app, MEVIA.. The TV/Movies are available in all formats and ready for distribution to your MSO or IPTV system.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csrlydZACNc
Similarly, Cloud to Cable Video Platform is available for licensing to any TV Broadcaster. We include a playback and real-time video production for your broadcasting needs.
Mevia is a great application to deliver multiMEVIA content to costumers in mobile apps or tablets, also enables the control of connected devices like the Chromecast and Apple TV. MEVIA is our mobile app and CLOUD TO CABLE extension for smartphones and smart TVs. The MEVIA App experience is available consumers but also available to businesses and universities. The market segments where MEVIA fits are:
Retail businesses
Stores
Universities
Coffee Shops and Restaurants
You can associate your brand with Music and Video content easy with MEVIA.
In Spanish:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_C0KdOViiDA
In English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxAW2NXgg7g
MEVIA SAFETY
This is part of our feature set for LATAM, an announcement on platform and services will be done soon. We use our own custom Bluetooth Low Energy button to support MEVIA Safety features on MEVIA. Quickly send your current GPS location to a friend or family member in case of emergency or simply asking for assistance.
Wireless Products
Our Wireless Products Portfolio was revamped and stylized with:
Why is it 5G now and my iPhone is a X or iPhone 11?What happens is that behind the scenes, there is an organization called the “3GPP” or the “Third Generation Partnership Project,” that establishes and deals with very complex standards. The 3GPP groups is composed of other standard bodies and all boils down to a group of companies that are 3GPP “members.” This club or “members” get together in multiple committees meet with the purpose to define, literally, to define how things will work or operate into the future.Some people may say on youtube videos that 5G is the devil and may even hint that the 3GPP is part of the “new world order” and is here to control us all, the answer is no!!! That’s just fiction and conspiracy theories from youtubeers. 3GPP is just a group of companies and several other standard development organizations worldwide that have built or developed ways to improve and make things better, faster, higher-performance, and meet to agree on how to get this process done.Let’s start with 4G or the fourth generation wireless network, which we already use, or you maybe using to read in this posting.4G corresponds to a mapping made to the 3GPP organization via a set of “Technical Specifications” has labeled as Releases 8, 9, 10, and 11, and maybe 12, and 13, whereas 5G corresponds to a set of “Technical Specifications” improved and changed that are labeled Release 15 and 16.For example, 3GPP Release 14 includes many new concepts not found din Release 8, those are: Internet Of Things, Vehicle-to-Everything, Radio Improvements, etc, as shown in the following screen shot.
In between those release, let’s sy Release 15 and Release 11, we find a gray area where 4G ends and 5G begins. In fact, many features from 5G are found in releases that are supposedly part of 4G, as well as new features for 5G appear in newer releases only,. That’s is why some companies like AT&T have called this process “5GE,” and presented us with a “logo” or an icon, that is shown int your iPhone’s screen.This simple icon caused Verizon to file a lawsuit to AT&?T for doing so and t is not clear what 3GPP releases AT&T refers to 5GE..Going in to more detail, the 3GPP organization defines itself in the 3gpp.org website as follows :
vs. 
Benefits to Broadcasters and Media Companies
